Technical
notes on Concepts and Methods
1.
Reference Point/Period
Ø
Population
: Population data is given for the
middle of the calendar year.
Ø
Enrolment
: Student data is given on the last
school day of October of a given academic year.
Ø
Teachers
: Teacher data is given on the last
school day of October of a given academic year.
Ø Expenditure: Financial data is given for the financial
year from April to March of the
following year.
Ø
Gross
Domestic Product (GDP): GDP data is given for the calendar year.
2.
School Capacity
Ø
Physical
capacity of a school is estimated at the rate of 35 pupil/students per
classroom.
Ø
In
case of double shift schools, capacity is measured in terms of 70
pupils/students per classroom.
Ø
If
enrolment of a school is more than its capacity then it is a case of over
utilization of physical capacity.
Ø
If
enrolment of a school is less than its capacity then it is a case of under-
utilization of physical capacity.
3.
School Size
Ø
The
size of a school is measured in terms of number of pupils/students enrolled on
the last school day of October of a given year.
Ø
Average
size of a school is computed by dividing total enrolment by number of schools
in a given area
4.
Teacher Utilization
Ø
Child/Teacher
ratio is the number of children per teacher in a Pre-school centre.
Ø
Pupil/Teacher
ratio is the number of pupils per teacher in a Primary school.
Ø
Student/Teacher
ratio is the number of students per teacher in a Secondary school.
Ø
The
above ratios are calculated by dividing total enrolment by the total number of
teachers in the school/centre.
Ø
The
Principal of a school is not included while counting its teaching staff.
5.
Trained Teachers
Ø
A
trained teacher is one who has successfully completed a recognised course in
teacher education methods and teaching techniques.
6.
Graduate Teachers
Ø
A
graduate teacher is a teacher with at least a recognised bachelor’s degree.
7.
Gross Enrolment Rate
(GER)
Ø
The
GER gives information on the extent of participation of a specific school-going
age group population in a specific level of education.
Ø GER at primary level is
calculated by relating population in age group 5 – 11 to the enrolment in
primary schools.
Ø GER at secondary level is
calculated by relating population in age group 12 – 16 to the enrolment in
secondary schools.
8.
Female Participation Rate
Ø
The
percentage share of females in the total enrolment is computed to find out the
disparity in gender participation in a given level of education.
9.
Transition Rate
Ø
It
is calculated by relating the number of graduates who join the next level of
education in a given year to those who graduated from the lower level in the
previous year.
Ø
Transition
from primary to secondary level is calculated by relating the number of
students who passed the CEE in a given academic year to the intake in Form 1 in
the secondary schools during the next academic year.
10.
Flow Rate
Ø
It
is calculated by following a cohort of students who join a given class in a
given year and move to the next class in the subsequent year.
Ø
When
using flow model technique for projection of enrolment, flow rates are used for
carrying forward students from one class in a given year to the next class in the
subsequent year.
11.
Dropout Rate
Ø
It
is calculated by relating the number of students who dropped out during a given
year to the enrolment in the beginning of the year.
12.
Expenditure per
Pupil/Student
Ø
Expenditure
per pupil/student is calculated by dividing total expenditure allocations to a
given level of education by the enrolment at that level.